Neonatal Screening Prenatal Alcohol Exposure Health And Social Care Essay

Methods: We assessed whether adult females would be willing to partake in a pilot testing plan for antenatal intoxicant exposure in a bad obstetric unit antecedently shown to hold a high prevalence of FAEE-positive meconium when tested anonymously. The testing plan involved voluntary testing of meconium for FAEEs and long-run developmental followup of positive instances through an bing public wellness plan. Consequences: The engagement rate in the showing plan was significantly lower than when proving was offered anonymously ( 78 % vs. 95 % , severally ; p & lt ; 0.05 ) , and the positiveness rate was 3 % A in contrast to 30 % observed under anon. conditions ( P & lt ; 0.01 ) . Interpretation: These low rates suggest that the bulk of imbibing female parents refused to take part. We conclude that despite the possible benefits of such screening plans, maternal involuntariness to consent, probably due to fear, embarrassment, and guilt, may restrict the effectivity of meconium proving for population-based unfastened showing.Introduction:Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder ( FASD ) encompasses the wide scope of physical, cognitive, and behavioural disablements that can originate due to antenatal intoxicant exposure ( 1 ) . Affecting an estimated 9.1/1000 unrecorded births, it is a taking preventable cause of mental deceleration in the western universe ( 2 ) , with estimated one-year costs in Canada transcending $ 5 billion in productiveness losingss, medical costs, particular instruction, societal services, and projecting behaviors ( 3 ) . Although the primary alcohol-induced harm is lasting, early diagnosing is good and associated with a reduced hazard of secondary disablements such as disrupted school experience, unemployment, institutionalization, and problem with the jurisprudence ; probably because it permits early intercession and specialised support ( 4 ) . Unfortunately, acknowledging FASD is highly ambitious and diagnosing is frequently contingent upon set uping a history of important in-utero intoxicant exposure ( 1 ) . Since maternal studies are undependable in providing this information due to remember prejudice and common underreporting ( 5 ; 6 ) , nonsubjective biomarkers have been investigated. Fatty acerb ethyl esters ( FAEEs ) are non-oxidative metabolites of ethyl alcohol formed by esterification of ethyl alcohol to endogenous fatty acids or fatty acyl-CoA ( 7 ; 8 ) that sedimentation and accumulate in foetal meconium ( 9 ; 10 ) . Numerous surveies have validated meconium FAEEs as biomarkers of heavy antenatal intoxicant exposure happening in the last two trimesters of gestation ( 11-19 ) ; understanding between meconium FAEEs and assorted alcohol-related results has been demonstrated ( 18 ; 20-23 ) ; and this trial has been used anonymously to obtain epidemiological informations on antenatal intoxicant exposure in selected populations ( 23-25 ) . It has been recognized that meconium analysis may function as a neonatal showing tool for the designation of alcohol-exposed neonates, and could potentially be implemented as a cosmopolitan screen or targeted to bad populations ( 26 ) . Such testing would non merely supply accurate exposure history required for diagnosing, but if implemented along with a comprehensive follow-up plan and intercessions, could ease early acknowledgment and intervention of FASD ( 26-28 ) . As an added value, it may place and let for intercession in problem-drinking female parents, which, in bend, may forestall future alcohol-exposed gestations ( 7 ) . However, since informed consent from a competent patient or appointed guardian prior to intervention or testing is an ethical and legal constituent of medical pattern ( 29 ; 30 ) , a testing plan of this nature would necessitate consent of the kid ‘s legal defender ( typically the parent ) . This may decrease the value of meconium showing in a clinica l scene since embarrassment, guilt, and frights of stigma and child apprehensiveness may discourage adult females who consumed intoxicant from accepting to proving despite the possible value to child wellness. To find if adult females would volitionally take part in a neonatal showing plan for antenatal intoxicant exposure, we offered meconium proving with subsequent followup, intercessions and societal supports, to adult females from a regional Ontario population presenting in a bad obstetric unit antecedently shown to hold a high prevalence of alcohol-exposed newborns as determined by anon. meconium proving. We assessed the rates of voluntary engagement and positiveness for intoxicant exposure, and compared these with the rates observed with anon. proving.Methods:Capable enlisting:Written informed consent for meconium FAEE analysis and followup of those proving positive was sought from all Grey-Bruce adult females presenting at St. Joseph ‘s Health Care in London Ontario from November 1st, 2008 to May 31st, 2010. Briefly, Grey-Bruce occupants identified by nurses were informed of the survey, offered showing, and given an Informed Consent papers to reexamine and subscribe if they ch ose to take part. Womans were besides informed of the survey through booklets and postings in the pregnancy ward. It was stressed that a positive trial or self-report of imbibing in gestation would non ask engagement of kid protection bureaus, but would be used to originate follow-up by the Public Health nurse and her section and to mobilise support services if needed.Meconium aggregation, handling, and analysis:Meconium specimens from newborns born to accepting adult females were collected into 50-mL screw cap conelike polypropene tubings ( Sarstedt AG & A ; Co. , Numbrecht, Germany ) by nursing staff and labeled with the capable figure to guarantee confidentiality. Samples were stored onsite at -20A °C and shipped on dry ice to the Motherisk Laboratory at Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Ontario on a fortnightly footing where they were stored at -80A °C until analysis. Meconium FAEEs were measured utilizing headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The method involves the sensing and quantification of four FAEEs ( ethyl palmitate, linoleate, oleate, and stearate ) utilizing matching d5-ethyl esters as internal criterions. It has been developed and validated in our research lab, and published in item elsewhere ( 31 ; 32 ) . Heptane, ethyl esters ( palmitate, linoleate, oleate, stearate ) , fatty acids ( palmitic, linoleic, oleic, stearic ) , anhydrous ethanol-d6, and thionyl chloride were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Co. ( St. Louis, MO ) . Acetone was obtained from EMD Chemicals Inc. ( Gibbstown, NJ ) . Chromatograms were analyzed utilizing LabSolutions GCMSsolution package version 2.50SU1 ( Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan ) . A cumulative amount of a†°?2.00 nmol FAEE/gram meconium was considered positive, bespeaking heavy imbibing with 100 % sensitiveness and 98.4 % specificity as was established in a population ba seline survey that measured meconium FAEEs in newborns born to ascetics, societal drinkers, and confirmed heavy drinkers ( 16 ) .Maternal and neonatal features:Capable features along with gestation and bringing information were obtained from charts of accepting adult females. Additionally, information on intoxicant usage was obtained by the nursing staff utilizing the Parkyn Screening Tool ; a everyday postpartum questionnaire.Follow-up and neurodevelopmental appraisal:Children with positive meconium consequences were followed-up through Ontario ‘s †Healthy Babies Healthy Children † ( HBHC ) plan that involves postpartum home-visits by public wellness nurses who provide personalized support and instruction to households with neonates ( 33 ) . In this survey, the nurse assigned to a positive instance was notified of meconium trial consequences, conducted an in-depth household appraisal ( including a screen for intoxicant usage upsets ) , and enrolled the household i n an on-going home-visiting plan with an individualised household service program that included regular appraisals of developmental mileposts utilizing the Ages and Stages QuestionnairesA ® ( ASQ ) . Children with positive trial consequences besides received neurodevelopmental appraisal by a certified clinical psychologist during two place visits ; around 3 months and 1-1.5 old ages of age. The Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition ( Bayley-IIIA ® ) was used, which measures infant cognitive, lingual, and motor operation. If developmental holds were detected, extra service suppliers were engaged through referrals to intercession plans and specialized services that were provided through HBHC plan and Grey-Bruce Health Unit at no cost to the household. Need for referral to diagnostic services at the Hospital for Sick Children was assessed. Extra support services for the household were available if needed, including dependence intervention, guidance, rearing support, instruction on FASD, nutrition, employment, and diversion.Comparison with anon. meconium testing:The showing plan was launched in a bad obstetric unit where a old survey, utilizing anon. meconium testing, observed a 12-fold higher hazard of FAEE-positive meconium in adult females referred to this site as compared to the general population of the part ( 30 % vs. 2.5 % ) . About 95 % of adult females participated in that survey. To find whether adult females who consumed intoxicant during gestation agreed to take part in the pilot unfastened t esting plan, the rates of voluntary engagement and positiveness for antenatal intoxicant exposure observed in our unfastened plan, were compared to rates observed in that old anon. survey conducted in the same obstetrical unit a twelvemonth before ( 25 ) . Fisher ‘s Exact Test was used to compare the consequences of the two surveies. Two-tailed P-value & lt ; 0.05 was considered statistically important.Ethical motives:The survey was approved by the research moralss boards of the Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Western Ontario.Consequence:Willingness of female parents to take part in unfastened testing plan:Sixty female parents from Grey-Bruce were identified at St. Joseph ‘s Hospital and offered meconium showing, of which 47 adult females consented, numbering a 78 % consent rate ( Figure 1 ) . The maternal and neonatal features of accepting topics are presented in Table 1. The consent rate was significantly lower than that observed in old survey in which meconium was tested anonymously ( 95 % vs. 78 % ) ( P & lt ; 0.05 ) ( Table 2 ) . Of involvement, we documented one case where a adult female recalled take parting in the anon. prevalence survey with her old babe, but refused to take part in this unfastened testing plan when told there would be follow-up of positive instances. Additionally, we encountered a adult female who, although agreed to take part, was uncooperative, repeatedly pretermiting to advise the nurses that meconium had passed and flinging the samples so that none were collected.Positivity for antenatal intoxicant exposure in pilot testing plan:Samples were collected from 50 newborns of which 39 were successfully analyzed ( Figure 1 ) . Merely one of the 39 samples tested above the positive cut-off ( a†°?2 nmol/g ) for FAEE ( 52 nmol/g ) , which translated to a 3 % positiveness rate for antenatal intoxicant exposure. Eleven samples were non-analyzable because of presence of contaminations and/or postpartum stool that impeded chromatography. The ascertained 3 % positiveness rate for antenatal ethyl alcohol exposure was tenfold lower than the 30 % positiveness rate observed under anon. conditions in the old survey ( P & lt ; 0.01 ) ( Table 2 ) .Maternal self-report of intoxicant usage in gestation:Chart reviews did non uncover that substance maltreatment ( intoxicant or drugs ) was the primary ground for referral to St. Joseph ‘s Health Care in any of the instances. Three adult females admitted to devouring any sum of intoxicant in gestation on their antenatal consumption signifiers, including the adult female whose babe ‘s meconium tested positive for FAEEs. However, none reported refering intoxicant usage, with one adult female saying that she drank a†°Ã‚ ¤2 drinks per hebdomad, another coverage that she consumed an â€Å" occasional drink † , and the 3rd saying she drank merely prior to her cognition of gestation without traveling into farther inside informations.F ollow-up and neurodevelopmental appraisal of positive instance:One newborn tested positive for heavy antenatal ethyl alcohol exposure ( 52 nmol FAEE/g meconium ) . Follow-up was arranged as per protocol through the HBHC plan and a public wellness nurse assigned to the instance initiated an appropriate household service program affecting place visits and frequent appraisals of the baby ‘s development. Neurodevelopmental appraisal conducted by a certified clinical psychologist at 3 months of age utilizing BSID-IIIA ® did non uncover any holds ; nevertheless, holds in motor development became evident in 6-month and 8-month appraisals conducted by the public wellness nurse utilizing ASQ. At the 14-month appraisal conducted by a clinical psychologist utilizing BSID-III, the kid scored in low mean scope on motor and linguistic communication graduated tables, exposing holds peculiarly in gross motor and expressive linguistic communication operation, which were good below age outloo ks ( in the 9th and 5th percentile, severally ) . The baby was enrolled in an Infant and Child Development plan and will be referred to a Language and Speech development plan. Referrals to diagnostic clinics have non yet been made, and it is non known whether the ascertained holds are alcohol-related or possibly due to other factors.Interpretation:We observed that engagement and positiveness rates in our unfastened pilot testing plan were significantly lower than those observed when the trial was offered anonymously in the same bad unit, proposing that many adult females who consumed intoxicant in gestation refused to take part, non wishing to be identified by the showing plan. Of involvement, if we assume that all refusals were in fact positive samples, the positiveness rate in our population would number 27 % , which is similar to the positiveness rate observed by Goh and co-workers with anon. meconium testing ( 25 ) . To our cognition, this is the first survey to use biomarkers of foetal intoxicant exposure in an unfastened showing plan designed to ease diagnosing and intervention of alcohol-affected kids. Our consequences suggest that, despite the possible benefits that such screening plans may supply ( as was exemplified by the positive instance ) , adult females ‘s involuntariness to consent may decrease the value of unfastened population-based showing. Schemes to better engagement would necessitate to be investigated if meconium showing is implemented in clinical pattern. For illustration, the â€Å" opt-out † method to derive consent was shown to give higher proving rates in neonatal HIV showing ( 34 ) . Engagement rates may besides increase with societal selling, public instruction, and as the trial becomes established in society. If this occurs, the testing plan piloted here may function as a theoretical account for a plan that can be implemented in a clinical scene since it ut ilized presently bing services in the community. The developmental followup of kids identified by the screen was integrated into Ontario ‘s HBHC plan, and aid to kids exposing holds was provided through bing community wellness plans and services, such as address and linguistic communication, baby and kid development, and rearing support ; which may all be adapted to integrate intercessions and schemes shown to be effectual in helping kids with FASD and their households ( 35 ; 36 ) . Low engagement is non the lone possible obstruction to implementing testing in clinical pattern. The costs and resources required for proving, follow-up, diagnosing, and intercessions, every bit good as, system capacity to manage these instances, must be considered. Two cost-effectiveness surveies analyzing similar conjectural showing plans showed that decrease in secondary disablements and primary bar of FASD by intercession and instruction of female parents may take to social nest eggs ( 27 ; 28 ) . However, more surveies with concrete cost input variables are needed to find this. Furthermore, several ethical considerations could besides impede testing execution. Although showing can better quality of life through early diagnosing, observing maternal imbibing during gestation and labeling kids as â€Å" at-risk † may transport serious psychosocial deductions for these kids and their households, and affect relationships both within the household and between the household and society, including their service suppliers ( 37 ) . The trial consequences may potentially be misused by tribunals, societal services, insurance companies, and even within the health-care system through stigmatisation of patients ensuing in their under-treatment. To guarantee that households experience maximal benefits and minimal hazards, issues environing confidentiality, entree to consequences, and their usage, must be carefully considered. Our survey has restrictions. The pilot testing plan was implemented at a third parturition site, which was chosen due to the high prevalence of FAEE-positive meconium shown in a old anon. survey. Because Grey-Bruce communities are reasonably little in size, the consequences may hold been different if showing was implemented at a primary parturition site, where patients may be more trusting of their wellness attention suppliers, who probably provided them with antenatal attention. Alternatively, because the community is little, adult females may be even less likely to accept because of frights of stigmatisation and other societal deductions that may be more marked in a little community. Whatever the instance may be, the consequences may non be applicable to a primary health-care scene in a little community. To sum up, this is the first survey to implement an unfastened neonatal testing plan for antenatal intoxicant exposure aimed at easing sensing and direction of FASD. Follow-up, intercessions, and support plans were individualized and offered within the model of presently available services in the country, thereby patterning a plan that could be implemented in clinical pattern. We demonstrated that adult females ‘s involuntariness to partake in this showing, particularly of those who consumed intoxicant in gestation, may impede the execution of such testing plans in clinical pattern. Future surveies should research schemes that may better adult females ‘s willingness to consent, every bit good as, evaluate and reference other possible barriers to testing by finding the cost-effectiveness, logistics, and best patterns for plan execution.

Outline of the Hobbit Essay

I. Christian symbolism has always been a way for a writer to express his religious belief in his writings. A. Catholicism was very influential in Tolkien’s time period and in writing the Hobbit brought many of his biblical perspectives to light. B. Tolkien’s The Hobbit, through Bilbo’s adventure, symbolically shows the life of Jesus Christ. 1. Thorin travels with 12 dwarves just as Jesus travels with 12 disciples. 2. Gandalf can be seen as an angel or the Holy Spirit since he guides Bilbo’s journey and helps in times of need. 3. Bilbo can be seen as the Christian. C. Christian symbolism is plainly noticed after barely reading in the book so it becomes very easy to see what Tolkien has placed between the lines. II. In writing the Hobbit, Tolkien claims that the Christian symbolism was at first unintentional and later became the focal point of his book. D. This shows how a writer’s beliefs will leak into his writings whether he may want it to or not. 4. People should be careful and get to know who the author of a book is if they want to be aware of what might be being said. 5. One’s religious belief will be evident if he is loyal to it. E. Tolkien says himself, â€Å"The Lord of the Rings is of course a fundamentally religious and Catholic work; unconsciously so at first, but consciously in the revision.. The religious element is absorbed in the story and the symbolism† (Miller 44). 6. Tolkien’s beliefs spilled into his writings and he noticed this and capitalized on it. 7. Although Tolkien is referring to his Lord of the Rings trilogy, it is unmistakable that it was also the case in The Hobbit. F. In The Hobbit, Bilbo has to face his fears and step out of the comfort of his home, the shire, to overcome the problems in that are in the real world. G. Bilbo is a small reserved hobbit not heroic at all yet is the hero of the story and realizes his strengths and weaknesses along the way. 8. By creating Bilbo with these traits he is saying that it doesn’t take a strong, brawny, and brave champion to save the day. 9. Bilbo can represent a Christian’s walk or Jesus’ life on earth a. Bilbo as a Christian receives help from the Holy Spirit in the form of Gandalf and fellow Christians in the form of dwarves who accompany him on his road to salvation and must defeat his sin in the form of a dragon and reclaim the stolen treasure. b. Bilbo as Jesus is accompanied with his disciples in the form of dwarves and God in the form of Gandalf to defeat Satan in the form of a dragon and reclaim what he stole. III. Characters in the Hobbit without doubt represent biblical beings such as the goblins being demons and the eagles being angels. H. The goblins are described to be very hideous and evil creatures that fear the eagles and dwell in the mountains to hide from the eagles and do wicked. 10. Demons according to the Bible are like goblins in almost every way since they are both very evil and twisted. 11. Demons, however, do not necessarily dwell in the mountains. I. The eagles are described to be very heroic and honorable and hate the goblins for their schemes and enjoy destroying their evil plots and driving them back in the mountains. 12. Angels according to the Bible are like the eagles in almost every way since they do good and fight against evil. 13. Angels, however, do not necessarily live on peaks or in nests. J. Gollum with his double personality and evil nature is a very good example of a demon possessed person according to the Bible. 14. â€Å"And many of them said, He hath a devil, and is mad; why hear ye him?† (KJV, John 10.20) explains how a man possessed with a devil is cast out from society like Gollum. 15. Gollum lingers in the dark in solitude like they are evil. K. The character Beorn is very powerful and somewhat mysterious and allows the company to stay at his place for a time till they are ready to travel again possibly symbolic to a prophet since Gandalf had to manipulate him to show compassion and since his beastly transformation does not seem like a Godly characteristic. L. Tolkien’s emphasis of good and bad in the Hobbit is very clear unlike some books where there seems to be some shades of grey there is only black and white according to Tolkien those who wish to do evil and those who wish to do good and strive for peace. IV. The Bible lines up with the Hobbit in many ways, more ways than noticed at first which Tolkien perhaps meant to be. M. Jesus was tempted by the devil in the desert alone by Satan and Bilbo was tested by Gollum. 16. â€Å"Then was Jesus led up of the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted of the devil.† (Matthew 4.1) 17. Bilbo was blessed with the ring after his encounter with Gollum which helped him and his companions out of multiple outcomes. N. When Bilbo and the dwarves are caught by spiders in the Mirkwood forest it is a result of falling into temptation of the magical feasts in the forest that Beorn and Gandalf had warned them to stay away from. 18. â€Å"Watch and pray, that ye enter not into temptation: the spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak† (Matthew 26. 41). c. According to this verse God will allow us to be tempted but we must resist. d. The verse also tells us that our flesh is weak and the will of our spirit must be stronger than the will of our flesh if we wish to pass temptation. 19. The spiders try to eat the dwarves and can be easily portrayed as an evil since many people fear spiders and are common pests. O. The elves in Mirkwood are very untrusting and wary of foreigners especially of dwarves so when they catch Thorin he is almost immediately hurled into their prison. 20. The elves of Mirkwood are unlike the high elves that the company meets earlier in the book. e. The Mirkwood elves are more aloof and stronger than the high elves. f. The high elves are wiser and are willing to trade with outsiders and not isolate themselves as much. 21. The Mirkwood elves and the high elves share displeasure in dwarves. P. The Mirkwood elves do not easily show any Christian symbolism other than providing punishment for Bilbo and the dwarves for falling into temptation. Q. The lake-town Esgaroth in the Hobbit is a city of men who have in the past been driven out by the dragon and will have to fight the dragon yet again this time defeating it. 22. Thorin seemed good and noble as a first impression and not showing signs of mischief but turned out to cause great trouble for the peaceful town that had treated him and his company kindly. 23. The lake-town people receive bountiful treasure flowing through the river from the mountain after defeating the aged dragon, Smaug. V. The Hobbit came out as a children’s book, a harmless fairy tale with elves and dwarves, but actually having strong and significant Christian symbolism intertwined in the plot. R. Hopefully by doing such a thing Tolkien lead many into understanding some of the knowledge the Bible has to offer. S. Christians reading the Hobbit often catch on to the symbolism and grant Tolkien with praise for his actions.

A Compare and Contrast Essay on Batman and Iron Man

Today, we can see so many heroes in society. Various types of heroes appear in various cultures and various countries. Heroes give us confidence and we can trust them. I chose two heroes for comparison and compared it based on the cultural aspect and its behavior. The two heroes are Batman and Ironman. In the movie, the image of the hero is very clear. They are strong muscles; beat the bad guys to save the world, they have a girlfriend or a girlfriend. Their health is very good, their health is good. Because Iron Man and Batman are my favorite superheroes, I always wanted to contrast. There are some similarities between Iron Man and Batman, but both fight against the rogues to protect people and cities. They do not have super powers, they use technology and weapons to make their suit. Because everyone at Gotham is afraid of Batman, there are also some differences between Batman and Ironman: Iron Man is a hero, but Batman is a dark hero. Let's first introduce the similarities between Iron Man and Batman, then explain the difference between Batman and Iron Man in detail. After comparing Iron Man and Batman, it is difficult for me to choose who is better. Because I am still in primary school, I have been a Batman for a long time. I have not explained all the differences and similarities between Iron Man and Batman, but if you want to know more about them, try the movie. The movie is really funny. You can choose between Ironman and Batman. For casual movie fans, the idea of ​​comparing Iron Man and Batman seems reasonable given the apparent similarities of both. But trying to compare the two according to a darker question, Iron Man knows that it is not dark, so many people confuse it. However, if you are accustomed to manga books of a specific form or form called Iron Man, this comparison is fair considering how serious the cartoon book Iron Man is compared to the light version in the movie. Let's compare who is a more meditative villain - Iron Man an d Batman

EXAM 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

EXAM 1 - Essay Example Company reconciles these claims with its financial records that shows more growth through QSR.(Dunkin 2012 Annual Report p. 6) Long term mission of Dunkin Brand is to focus on long term sustainability. They have leveraged their expertise on research and development to come up with ideas that could help their stakeholders. To help their franchisees save on energy and water, save on costs for simple repairs, and engage in energy efficiency, Dunkin came up with a toolkit that solves this problem. It is also developing resources for a sustainable packaging solutions, and working on reusable cups and spoon.Dunkin is completing its research of sourcing of sourcing cage-free eggs and gestation crate-free pork by 2013. It also gives financial support to the local community through its various programs.(Riley, Christine.2013) Remote environment factors are issues which business have little or no control at all. For this reason, I consider economic factors as number one because it deals a lot on the economy of the company which it operates. i. e. the tendency of people to spend, availability of credit, level of disposable income, and trends of growth which could not be controlled by the organization. I ranked Social factors as second because understanding lifestyles of people, values, beliefs and opinions are significant in business decisions but business can go along with it. Political factors is ranked third, because following government regulations can be worked out; technological factors as fourth because it can be accepted as innovations and designs could be improved and last is ecological factors. This is the relations of the company to other living things such as air, soil and water which could be corrected through its CSR relations The number one competitive force shaping strategy of Dunkin is product adaptation and availability. Instead of developing new product, it focuses on growing the market

Christian (faith based) article for a newsletter Essay

Christian (faith based) article for a newsletter - Essay Example The centre has taken on social tasks that have impacted inner-city residents, many of whom have been affected in many ways by their crime ridden and socially backward neighborhoods. As Executive Director, my most important duty will be to join the dedicated team of volunteers, donors and staff in contributing to the restoration of the communities we serve and reaching affected persons. The work we do under the aegis of the Nehemiah Center is one defined and inspired by our collective Faith in God. I believe it is our social responsibility to emphasis the teachings of Christ through social programs that reach those who are in need of intervention. It is our duty to follow the examples of Jesus and show compassion to our neighbours. â€Å"Blessed are those that give†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Jesus says and â€Å"Blessed are the Peacemakers, for they shall be called the [children] of God† Our roles should truly be those of peacemakers and givers. In our communities we must dedicate time, effort and resources to the most vulnerable; our children. Children will not flourish into model citizens within a society that is destroying their hopes of a bright future. It is these young people who will inherit the pains and sadly subsequently perpetuate them if the cycle of rot is not broken and we must not lose sight of these. We should continually ask for the peace of God to reign in our communities. Although the challenges look arduous, we should be encouraged that â€Å"†¦the peace of God which passes all understanding, will keep our hearts and minds†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Philippians 4:7). For it is only when we are at peace with Him, at peace with others, that we can truly be most effective instruments of change. The issues that we confront do not require myopic approaches that only propose band aid solutions. Instead a holistic approach that clearly identifies the short and long objectives must be adopted. These objectives

Performance of Mythic Oil Le Parfum and for it Coursework

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Amadeus the Film Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Amadeus the Film - Movie Review Example The atrocities of the royal couple in France are well - known. Marie apparently influenced Joseph to keep a strict control on any art and culture developments in Austria, which might turn subversive. These facts seep casually into the narrative through Joseph II's dialogues. An otherwise liberal man, Joseph had an Italian triumvirate to advise him on 'proper' entertainment. Salieri was part of this trio. The handful of musicians and artists who enjoyed royal patronage stayed on the right side of royalty and composed pieces in Italian that very few understood, eschewed ballet as debauched and favored themes that would offend no one and cause no one to think. The film shows this beautifully, through skillfully chosen characters, their pompous stance and carefully cultivated expressions. It was in this atmosphere that Wolfgang arrived in Vienna, freshly banished by the Archbishop at Salzburg. Unrepentant and arrogant, he did not believe he had any rivals. He was simply the best while others composed rubbish. Mozart is the polar opposite of a serious composer. The audacious Amadeus and his artless wife giggled their way through mindless entertainment, were very bad debtors and yet had a strange dignity about them; there was self belief and belief in each other. Constanza took in her stride her husband's lack of practical sense, gently coaxed and cajoled him into doing things to earn money, was ready to trade her body for a night to buy him a tutorship to royalty, but was impractical enough to estrange a concerned and well-heeled father in law. Of course, the movie has taken liberties with facts, for instance, Mozart's sister Nannerl, who was actually quite an influence on him is completely done away with, as are the many children that Mozart and Constanza had. Retain ing them in the story would have underscored the pathos of his isolation and gradual slide into drunken desperation. However, none of this prevents him from composing brilliantly. One of his first commissions was to write the score for an opera - a Turkish folk story set in a harem (Mozart's choice of subject) in German (the emperor's choice of language). The turca-allegro form uses sopranos for the fun element and a heavily textured orchestra. This was the first of many deviations that Mozart would insist on. The film, which opens with one of his famous tutti with a signature tremolo and a heavy orchestra scores, is peppered with snatches of his work -the conventional chamber music to entertain the royal family, writing Masses and so on. They are rightly not mentioned prominently because of their huge numbers; but they are representative of Mozart's style of playing upon a single note or phrase before launching into symphony. The movie gives music lovers and aficionados a delicious slice of the music of the classical era through Mozart's pieces. Both the sonata allegro and the sonata rondo are in evidence. The Marriage of Figaro is trademark Mozart - rich in notes, too much for the untutored Viennese public to take. The emperor famously remarked that it had too many notes to which Mozart had made the equally famous reply that it had not one note too many and had gone on to audaciously ask -which would you have me remove, superbly establishing himself as the master of his craft . Figaro, with it risqu Italian intrigue was originally rejected as subject (apparently it had caused unrest against the royalty in France) but later allowed. The same fate met the ballet in the marriage

Analysis of non-verbal arguments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis of non-verbal arguments - Essay Example Teenage girls who are interested in fashion are the target audience of this brand. This is obvious if to this about the readership of the magazine which is presented by teenage girls and young women who want to be in the movement. The ad portrays a couple of friends who hold each others hands and laugh. They do not look straight into the camera pretending that they are spotted somewhere in reality. The ad utilizes the method of snob appeal to make people believe that if they wear such jewelry they look as stylish as those two girls at the picture. They are dressed in cocktail black dresses and their wrists and fingers are decorated with numerous rings and bracelets. Both of them wear necklaces. Since all teenagers read magazines when they are bored, any promise to have fun is a call to action for them. Advertisers want to link their product (jewelry) with particular settings where two beautiful girls have fun together and their accessories automatically acquire the characteristics of the context where they are presented. In short, advertisers tell teenage girls that if they wear Alex and Ani jewelry, they will be happy and beautiful. Two characters at the picture are expressing overly positive emotions. It seems that they are sharing one pleasant moment together. Two friends look like they share a secret or discuss someone between us, girls. They force spectators to relate jewelry to the precious moments in life of consumers. Non-verbal language established a link between two characters. They hold each others hands and hug each other. This helps to identify their relationships and state that they are close friends. Obviously, any teenage girl has her best friend and wants to look the same cool when they spend time together. Teenagers tend to idealize their friends because the fo In the essay â€Å"Kids in the Mall: Growing up controlled†, Kowinski writes that teenagers are involved in

Military men Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Military men - Essay Example He was responsible for guiding the military personnel responsible for bombing missions. However, he grew tired of the work and decided to quit. He had to think of a way out since the military regulations required that a military person have to provide enough information to support why he needs to quit. Yossarian decided to act like an insane person so that he would be sent to the hospital. Since insane people could not be fit to work as military personnel, he thought that it would be a great exit plan. Catch 22 has some very challenging clauses that force the military personnel from doing what they would want to do. In this case, Catch 22 forced Yossarian to act like a mad person in order to avoid being military personnel. However, he is given different kind of work of reading and censoring letters from military patients. It is very challenging for Yossarian to prove to the military that he is actually insane. This is because the word insane can mean different things to different peo ple. For example, being insane in the military context is different from being insane in the real civilian world. It can even be said that insanity in military is acceptable especially because of the way the military laws and regulations define it. However, the military law called catch 22 could not allow him to quit the military job since by knowing that he is insane was a proof that he was actually sane. Therefore, Yossarian decided to spend the rest of his life in the hospital.

Budget Development Analysis Summation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Budget Development Analysis Summation - Essay Example In fact, from an examination of the report on the school budgets it is clear that schools which managed to make cuts in their budgets and reduce expenditure while offering the same level of services are applauded for their actions. The Houston school system managed to reduce expenditure while the school systems that showed an increase in expenditure were criticized for it. This situation is quite similar to the one experienced by other school systems around the country as discussed by Williams (2008) and Romanek (2008). Essentially, school budgets need to show that the schools are spending money in the right direction but it can be difficult to do so in times where rising costs are a fact of life. Romanek (2008) discusses how some schools are facing pressure on their budgets from rising fuel costs and need to move towards alternative fuels in order to make sure that they can meet the needs of the students while remaining within the funds that have been budgeted for their expenditure. While school busses run on diesel instead of gasoline, the prices for diesel itself have risen by almost three hundred percent in the last five years. While schools in the country are being forced to maintain their spending within the same budgetary constraints, schools systems are dealing with increased prices which automatically create a reduction in services. Schools may have to run fewer routes, eliminate positions for technology related teachers or even have to reduce the extra programs which they may offer to their students. The school systems’ budgets describe the reality of what it means to go through a recession and it seems that we all need to be a part of the solution in order to ensure that our education system does not

Diffusion, Dialysis Essay Example for Free

Diffusion, Dialysis Essay In Diffusion, Dialysis And Osmosis lab, we discovered that we were going to observe and understand the conditions under which diffusion, dialysis, and osmosis occur. Then we constructed models of diffusion, dialysis, and osmosis. We predicted that the direction of change would be from the membrane to the beaker. We understood how these processes affected the selectivity of the cell membrane. The second part of the lab was dealing with dialysis. In this part we studied starch and sodium chloride for dialysis activity. In Part A We hypothesized that NaCl existed in 1-3 and AgNO existed 2-4. In Part B We hypothesized that there will be more changes in the cell then outside the cell. In Part C We hypothesized that there will be a difference due to the different environments that are provide to help change the appearance of a molecule. Procedure A. Qualitative testing for sodium chloride and starch We got 6 clean test tubes and number them 1-6. Test tubes 12 had 5ml of 10% sodium chloride (NaCl). Test tubes 34 had 5ml of starch. Test tubes 56 had 5ml of distilled water. We added 2-3 drops of silver nitrate (AgNO )to 1,3,5. We added 2-3 drops of iodine solution to 2,4,6. B. Dialysis of a starch/sodium chloride mixture Get one dialysis tube and tie one end. Fill the bag with 5ml of 10% Sodium chloride solution and 5ml of starch solution from Part A. then tie the tube and place it in a beaker of distilled water. Leave the tube for 30 minutes. Afterwards test for the presence of starch and sodium chloride. Then split the solution into to test tubes and 2-3 drops of iodine into one test tube and 2-3 drops of AgNO in the other test tube. C. Osmosis using dialysis tubing as a model of the cell membrane Obtain 5 beakers and label them 1-5. Fill beakers 1-4 halfway with distilled water. And beaker 5 with 30% sucrose halfway. Obtain 5 dialysis tubes that will be filled with 10ml of different solutions. Tube 1 has distilled water, Tube 2 has 10% sucrose, Tube 3 has 20% sucrose, Tube 4 has 30% sucrose, and Tube 5 has distilled water. Tie the tubes and weigh each of them before placing them in there respected beakers. Every 15 minutes weigh the tubes to record the change. In Part B we found that outside test tube; salt existed and not sugar. But inside the test tubes both the starch and the salt existed in the two different tubes. In this part there weren’t any problems and we were successful in gathering the necessary results to move to the next section. This helping prove our hypothesis right because it meant that there would be more changes inside the cell than outside the cell. In Part C we found that Beaker 1 had no changes in weight. In Beaker 2 there were changes that ranged from 0-1. 1. In Beaker 3 there were changes that ranged from 0-2. 1. In Beaker 4 there were changes that ranged from 0-4. 8. In Beaker 5 there were changes that ranged from -2. 7-0. This is the results that my group gathered from another group that did well because our results were way off and inconsistent. So we were forced to use better results to find better explanations. We understood that the conditions under which osmosis is possible and to what degree it occurs. There were three different types of temperate environments. This helping prove our hypothesis right because it meant that different environments help change the appearance of a molecule.

Working in Health and Social Care Essay Example for Free

Working in Health and Social Care Essay For my unit 11 coursework I was required to produce a letter to inform the job of my interest that I was hoping to interview them and to ask for their consent to participate in my interview giving them the choice to take part or not. A consent letter was placed at the bottom of this letter to allow them to tick the answer of their choice. My chosen participant was a midwife in whom I chose to interview because this is the job that I hope to do in my future and I figured it would be interesting to find out more about the job they do. I have recently done a lot of research about this job and have already gained some knowledge of what it is like for a midwife and the job they do. Within my interview I figured I was going to need as much information as I possibly could, hence the reason I used 41 relevant questions. I found that all of my questions worked well in my favour as I found out all that I needed to know from the midwife I interviewed. During the interview I found on some questions I needed extra room to write down what my interviewee was telling me as this must have been a very detailed subject within that job/task. Throughout my interview I used a wide range of question types; however, I particularly used open questions as I found that this gained me the most information and allowed the interviewee to explain what she had been asked in her own words/opinion. I used 13 open questions to help me gain the information I received from my interviewee. For the closed questions in my interview, those which have a basic answer of yes or no, I figured were not the most reliable questions, and therefore the reason I only used a small amount of 7 closed questions, as this only allows the interviewee to state a very basic answer, not being able to explain any feelings which was mainly the reason I used open questions to allow the participant to express their own personal feelings about a certain subject within their job. Some questions I joined some questions together so they were an open with a closed, with this method allowing me to gain a little more information than I would if it was just a closed question. I found it helpful to use ranked questions throughout my interview (a rating scale type question) allowing them to choose an answer from a scale already there for them. This type of question was put into place when I wanted to know how high or low their opinion was e. g. How much job satisfaction do you receive? with a scale of 1 to 10 below for them to circle their numbered opinion 1 being the lowest and 10 being the highest I used a rating scale 4 times throughout my interview. Another type of question that works in the same way as this one is to what extreme in words is their opinion of the question e. g. How much responsibility does your job involve with a range of boxes for them to tick below Very high , High Average, A little and None. Ethics is about a persons behaviour and attitudes towards everyday life, distinguishing between right and wrong. Most people learn ethical norms at home, at school, in church, or in other social settings. Although most people acquire their sense of right and wrong during childhood, moral development occurs throughout life and human beings pass through different stages of growth as they mature. Ethics is about relationships, being true to the idea of who different people are and what they stand for and having courage when it comes to difficult questions that occur throughout life and accepting the cost. For my two chosen jobs, a Midwife and a Care assistant I chosen to interview a midwife as I found that this would be more beneficial to me and my career path, finding out about their job and what they do giving me more of a background idea of what to expect.

The History And Growth Of Animation

The History And Growth Of Animation Ever since the establishment of photography people learned that if pictures of moving objects were taken in a quick series and flipped through in succession to create the false impression of a moving picture. Pottery is one of the best examples of early art still around today. One of the very first attempts at translating the motionless image into a moving image is found on such piece of pottery. About 5000BC a piece pottery, if spun illustrates a goat jumping and eating from a tree. It consisted of five sequential drawings. The interest of illustrating figures in motion can be seen in the still drawings of Paleolithic cave paintings, as in these paintings animals are illustrated with multiple legs in superimposed arrangements. The movement of anatomical structure was defined by Leonardo Davinci, courtesy to which today artists can come up with believable and beautiful animation. A toy created in 1824 known as the thaumatrope demonstrated the phenomenon of diligence of vision. The design was a disc, which showed a bird on one side and an empty cage on the other. When the disc was spun, the appeared in the cage. According to Patrick James à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..This proved that the eye retains images when it is exposed to a series of pictures, one at a time. After the thaumatrope William George Horner invented Zeotrope in 1834. This device was cylindrical in shape with vertical slits around the sides. To the opposite side of the slits series of pictures were kept, around the inside of the cylinde r. In order to see the illusion of motion the user had to spin the cylinder and look through the slits. Peering through the slits was quite annoying for people, so in year 1877 Emile Reynaud invented Praxinoscope. This device was much like Zeotrope the difference was that animation was reflected on motionless mirrors on the inside of the wheel. It was much better than Zeotrope as it allowed large group of people to view animation at the same time. The first animated film was created in 1892. It was fifteen minutes long and was made by Reynaud. It was shown with the help of praxinoscope and a projector. Animation started appearing before 1910. It consisted of simple drawings photographed one at a time. As there were hundreds of drawings per minute of film, the animation process was highly labor intensive. As the time passed by, the technology evolved and new animation techniques came into existence. An animation technique, known as stop action was used by the animators earlier. The directors used to stop the camera and rearrange or remove items to the shot and then start rolling again. In 1900 J.Stuart Blackton created a film called The Enchanted Drawing by combining the live action of him drawing and stop action technique. Later in year 1908 Emile Cohl created a film named Fantasmagorie. This film was considered to be the first true animated film. The industrial revolution took place and most of the American studios turned to flat animation as it was much more efficient for their assembly line technique of making animated films. Animation was easily done by the celluloid technique developed around in the beginning of 1914. With the help of these celluloids the animators just had to make a complex background or foreground and compress in moving characters in between a number of other pieces of celluloids, which is transparent apart from where drawings were painted on it. This helped the animators, as they would just draw once the background as it remained motionless and only the character moved. If the foreground elements were positioned in the frame, it also formed a false impression of depth. In 1914 one of the pioneer of animation named Winsor McCay created the first animated cartoons titled Gertie the Dinosaur. Gradually animation then started to progress with quite a lot of animated films produced in next twenty years. Producers like Warners, MGM and Disney developed cartoon techniques in 1920s and 1930s. They used traditional animation methods of constructing complicated backgrounds and then imposing moving figures in them with celluloid. Then in 1928 it was Walt Disney, who took animation to a complete new level adding sound and producing the first ever animated film with sound, which was Steamboat Willie. In this film he introduced a new character named as Mickey Mouse. And in 1937 Walt Disney change the entire world of animation by opening doors that people never even thought of. The first full-length animated film in 1937 that was Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. It was a box-office smash. This era was known as the Golden age of Animation. According to Steve Nyman The film became the most successful motion picture of 1938 and earned over $8 million in its original theatrical release. While looking at it economically, when Disney released Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs the studio ran out of money, as it was quite a labor incentive task. Immediately after Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Pinocchio and Fantasia were released and both of them were financial disappointments. Traditional animated feature films were financially unsuccessful in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Traditional animation was not successful because it required a lot of money, a huge team (labor) and the quality was also not that great as compared to todays computer animated films. With the passage of time animation has developed and evolved a lot. We can see the drastic changes in the way of doing animation. With the changing era technology is also changing hand in hand, as earlier people used to use traditional ways of doing animation but today animation is mostly computer generated which is far more easy and it consumes less time. Since then animated films have become one of the most frequently enjoyed forms of entertainment. Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin and The Lion King are some of the best movies by Disney. The social impact of animation is also very drastic. Earlier the target audience of animated cartoons or films were children. But as the evolving time every single person like animated movies. These films have a very light humor which sometimes doesnt even make sense, but it is done in such an appealing way that an 8 years old kid or a 80 years old granddad would love them. Every generation has been enjoying the stories and characters of these animated featured films. Traditionally animation was done in time consuming and labor intensive process of two-dimensional hand drawn cel animation. Today the way of doing animation is completely different and it is much more effective and it majorly depends on new advanced computer technology. Without the new advances in computer technology, outstanding animated films wouldnt have been possible. Films like Toy Story, Madagascar, Finding Nemo, Up etc are the magnificent pieces of work done by Walt Disney and they wouldnt have been possible without the computer technology. Earlier animators used to work very hard and they had to put a lot of effort just to make a small animated video, but now it is all computerized and one can easily see the evolution of animation that how significantly it has improved and made a special place for it self in the industry. According to Buffy Naillon, Computer animation changed the animated film industry. Animation today is based more on math formulas than the ability to draw According to Library.ThinkQuest.org, The company created a design system called DAC (Design Augmented by Computers). With it, they could look at 3D models of their cars from every angle. Consistent with PIXAR à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.where films go through four stages: development, creating storyline; pre-production, addressing technical challenges; production, making the film; and post-production, polishing the final product. Today the way of doing animation is completely different and is very effective, its a complete process with various steps which include the idea of the film development, then to create a story line in which pre-production is done and dealing with all the technical challenges are also done in this step, later comes the production and the making of the film and then with the final touches the polishing is done. Today we have 3 dimensional animated films, which give the impression of being more realistic. Everyone today is fond of animated films. The stories are very beautiful and yet simple, most of the time the comic stories arent even really funny and most of the time they dont even make sense and are completely illogical but still people love them as when that sledgehammer drops on Sylvesters Big toe and it grows to the size of a watermelon theres no trick photography involved. And the most important the quality of the animated films today is way different then what we had in past. Today when animated films are played in rapid succession they appear to have seamless movements within the layouts. Comparing the methods used today and the methods used earlier one can easily see that how the animation process has evolved and how it is getting better and better. The amazing animated films carry on in the new millennium with great movies like How to Train your Dragon, Toy Story 3, Shrek The Fi nal Chapter, and many more to follow as animated featured films are one of the best way of entertainment today.

Hamlet - Claudius :: essays papers

Hamlet - Claudius What could be worse than killing your brother? Marrying his wife right after! Claudius is the shadiest character in Act I of Hamlet. Claudius had poured the juice of a hebenon (henbane; a very poisonous plant) into his brother’s, Hamlet Sr.’s ear. Hamlet Sr. died quickly but was â€Å"doomed for a certain term to walk the night.† Claudius then hurriedly married Gertrude and became king. Hamlet knows none of this however, yet already holds certain contempt for his step-father/uncle. In scene 2, Claudius gives a very sly speech, side-stepping the fact that he is in the middle of a very incestuous relationship. He says, â€Å"With an auspicious and a dropping eye, / With mirth in funeral and with dirge in marriage, / In equal scale weighing delight and dole, -/Taken to wife†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Claudius tries to beat around the bush and not really explain anything about his marriage to Gertrude. No one questions him because he is King, but the people are not happy about this situation anyway. Claudius’s slick nature somewhat surfaces when he is speaking to Hamlet also. He is obviously uncomfortable with the fact that Hamlet is still mourning the death of his father and almost seems to bully him to stop: â€Å"†¦to preserver/ In obstinate condolement is a course/ Of impious stubbornness; ‘tis unmanly grief;/ It shows a will most incorrect to heaven,/ A heart unfortified, a mind impatient,/ An understanding simple and unschooled†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Claudius, of course, seems to say this with a face full of smiles as if politely correcting Hamlet, but it seems obvious that he is downright afraid of what Hamlet could do if he discovered the truth. This is expressed even more when Claudius says, â€Å"†¦we beseech you, bend you to remain/ Here, in the cheer and comfort of our eye, / Our chiefest courtier, cousin, and our son.

Wife of Bath in Chaecers Canterbury Tales Essay -- The Wife of Bath E

In the Canterbury Tales written by Geoffrey Chaucer the story tells about men and women going on pilgrimages, among them the Wife of Bath in search of her 6th husband, who go on a journey to pay their respect to Sir Thomas à ¡ Becket. During the story the Wife of Bath strongly expresses herself as a very strong woman and knows what she expects with the men shes with. As well as this, with all her beauty and respect she was given in life the Wife of Bath displays herself highly. Finally, she ideals her actions with the knowledge she knows from the Bible. Therefore, because of her control, beauty, and knowledge the Wife of Bath is a woman that most women would look up to. With the Wife of Bath's five different husbands and the search of a new one, she didn't only know what she wanted but how to get it, she did this through ways of being controlling and selfish, but still, came out succeeding at the end of her relationships. The Wife of Bath, with her simple words of the five men she had been with, it was easily detailed with what mattered to her "they were good, and rich, and old, they were scarcely able to keep the statute by which they were bound to me" (p. 191). This is an explaination of exactly what she wanted and how she was able to be continue to be stable. Her unbelieveable control for the husbands she had, in which she thought they would be her "debtor and slave" (p. 189). Chaucer is expressing the sexual, as well as, the controlling side of the Wife of Bath, this also shows the unrealistic expectations she brought forth. At last, she tells exactly how she feels "you should speak thus and put them in the wrong, for no man can perjure hi mself and lie half so boldly as a woman can" (p. 193). Convicing her husbands ... ...ity, this knowledge was important. Chaucer details of society in that day in age, as well as, his detailed information of the Wife of Bath encompassed values in which women still admire today. Women still seek to have a more powerful role in society, even though still today there is a struggle to reach the top. Still today, the perfection you bring to your personal appearance gets your farther in life. Finally, when the reliance in the Bible and how still to this day church and state combine ideas, having a knowledge of the stories in the Bible shows a woman that is full of morals, values, and a good standard of living. Because of all of this, the Wife of Bath showed many sides of herself that may be hard to believe but yet still the backbone of all of it, is what most women try to do with their lives: be stable, powerful, happy, beautiful, and good morals.

Biography of Moses Essay -- Biographies Bio Religion Judaism

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Main focus will be on Moses. He was the greatest prophet, leader, and teacher of Judaism. By focusing on Moses, I’ll incorporate the importance of certain passages that prove the Old Testament; and show how Moses’ role was significant and essential to the Hebrews. Moses 1400 B.C.E In a nutshell†¦ Moses was born in a very difficult time: Pharaoh had ordered that all male children born to Hebrew slaves should be drowned in the river (Exodus. 1:22). Moses’ mother hid him for three months, and when she could no longer hide him, she put him in an ark and placed it on the river where Pharaoh's daughter bathed (Ex. 2:2-3). Pharaoh's daughter found the child and had compassion for him (Exodus. 2:6). Although Egyptians raised Moses, the compassion he felt toward his people (the Hebrews) was so great that he could not bear to see them beaten by Pharaoh's taskmasters. One day, when Moses was about 40 years old, he saw an Egyptian beating a Hebrew slave, and he was so outraged that he struck and killed the Egyptian (Exodus. 2:11-12). Both the Hebrews and Pharaoh condemned him for this actions, and Moses was forced to flee from Egypt (Ex. 2:14-15). G-d appeared to Moses and chose him to lead the Hebrews out of Egyptian slavery and to the Promised Land, Israel (Ex. Chs. 3-4). With the help of his brother Aaron, Moses spoke to Pharaoh and triggered the plagues against Egypt (Ex. Chs. 4-12). He then led the people out of Egypt and across the sea to freedom, and brought them to Mount Sinai, where G-d gave the people the Torah; and the people accepted it (Ex. Chs. 12-24). G-d revealed the entire Torah to Moses. The Torah includes the first five books of the Bible (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy) that Moses wrote as G-d instructed him. It also includes all of the remaining prophecies that would later be written down in the remaining books of scripture. Furthermore, it contains the entire Oral Torah the oral tradition for interpreting the Torah, which would later be written down in the Talmud. Moses spent the rest of his life writing the first five books, essentially taking dictation of G-d. After Moses received instruction from G-d about the Law and how to interpret it, he came back down to the people. There he found the Hebrews idolizing a golden calf. This is a very significant story in the Bible. It show... ...nomy. According to some, Moses wrote the last few verses from a vision of the future, but according to others, the last few verses were added by Joshua after Moses’ death. Moses’ position as leader of Israel was not hereditary. His son, Gershom, did not inherit the leadership of Israel. Moses’ chosen successor was Joshua, son of Nun (Deut. 34:9). Moses was 120 years old at the time that he died (Deut. 34:7). That lifespan is considered to be ideal, and has become proverbial: one way to wish a person well in Jewish tradition is to say, "May you live to be 120!" As important as Moses was to the Children of Israel, it is always important to remember that Moses himself was not the deliverer or redeemer of Israel. It was G-d who redeemed Israel, not Moses. Moses was merely G-d's prophet, His spokesman. The traditional text of Passover does not even mention Moses’ name. In order to prevent people from falsely worshipping Moses, his grave was left unmarked (Deut. 34:6). Bibliography and Resources: †¢ Fields, Lanny B., Barber, Russell J., Riggs, Cheryl A. The Global Past. Bedford Books, 1998. †¢ Reilly, Kevin. Worlds of History. Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2004 †¢ The Internet

Language and Intimacy

Kanye East 03/15/2013 English Language and Intimacy Language defines the type of person we are. It has an affect on our choices as well as our lifestyle. Depending on friends, family, and others we talk to, our choice on language tends to vary. Our decisions in life, sometimes, are influenced by the language we use and our surroundings. Language has become a way of seeing life in a different perspective. But can language effect intimacy? Family intimacy to be exact. Richard Rodriguez, a writer and public speaker, expertly illustrates his own experience with this in his autobiography, Hunger of Memory.Rodriguez’s childhood was particularly unique given the fact that while he was born and raised in the United States, he was strongly influenced in the ethnic environment of a Spanish family. Although the reader is introduced to only a short excerpt from the autobiography, he learns a great deal about Rodriguez’s family and his relationship to it, his conflict of speaking    English versus Spanish, and the paradox that became evident as he used English as his primary language. Since learning English, young Rodriguez noted the lack of intimacy there was in his home.Did the understanding of a new language affect the very close family? While I read this autobiography, there were tons of ideas that struck me. It was very interesting because so many of the different parts could relate to my life. Being born and raised in America, English was automatically my first language. Nevertheless, my parents were keen on making me and my siblings learn their native tongue, my fathers Yemeni culture and my mothers Turkish culture and most importantly, our religion. As soon as they can, my parents enrolled me and my siblings in Arabic school and Islamic studies.There we learned how to read, write and fluently speak Arabic and also memorize and study the Holy Quran. At home, my mother schooled us on the Turkish language. The essence of my childhood was of culture and language but as me and my siblings got older, the language faded. Our once perfectly spoken Turkish and Arabic, broken. I couldn’t deny the fact that my Arabic was not as strong as before but it became the most evident to me when my grandparents came over from overseas. They only came one time before, when I was younger and knew the language of their tongue.The news of them coming to our house from Yemen brought me to the basement, going through stacks of old coloring books and photos desperately looking for my old Arabic books. Remembering the pages and pages of Arabic greetings and phrases, I looked even harder. After finally finding it at the bottom and a hidden stack of books, I sat. The rush of nostalgia came back but when I opened my mouth to read, it was a stuttered mess. The words I once read so fluently were now what seemed a calligraphy of memory. At this point, I knew the book wasn’t going to do much for me.Practicing the phrases I already knew, and said occ asionally, I found more and more ways to make them sound like their not all I know. Ignoring the fact that they were. The day came and by this point I wanted to get the humiliation and disappointment over with. As I walked downstairs to greet them, familiar voices and smells of incents filled the air. Their smiles and hugs erased all the worry. And as we sat there listening to them laugh and reminisce with my father, me and my siblings all joined in on the conversation.With the language of intimacy. This autobiography triggered many thoughts on language and intimacy. Of all possible human qualities, the one that wields the most power is the ability to use, understand and communicate effectively through language. A proficient use of language allows us to clearly communicate an exact idea from one person to another person or group of people. This precise science of being able to convey exactly what you want equates to the acquisition of power. As strong and powerful as language is, It didn’t affect intimacy.

Cyber Bullying Essay

Cyberbullying Bullying over the internet through social media site like Facebook and twitter as well as text messaging and online gaming is becoming a larger and larger problem. Every year it gets easier to connect to others around the world and with that is an increase in harassment, threats and cyberstalking. Each state has their own laws to try and curb the problem, but Arizona is trying to pass laws making it a class 1 misdemeanor which includes fines and/or jail time. About 5,000 teens commit suicide every year, for all sorts of reasons and a growing number of it is from online bullying from classmates, neighbors or people that they have never even met before. It is not limited to children or teens, adults are affected by bullying as well at work or on forums and journals and even by what their child is going through. According to the Cyberbullying Research Center â€Å"Approximately 20% of the students report experiencing cyberbullying in their lifetimes†, and â€Å"Adolescent girls are significantly more likely to have experienced cyberbullying in their lifetimes (25.8% vs. 16%)†. Also according to the web site Puresight.com â€Å"Middle-school victims of cyberbulllying are more apt to commit suicide. The AP-MTV survey found that 8% of cyberbulllying victims and 12% of sexting victims have considered ending their own life compared to 3% of people who have not been bullied and were not involved in sexting.† Arizona is taking one of the biggest steps to try and prevent such bullying by passing a new bill outlawing it. â€Å"Right now the bill would result in a misdemeanor charge that carries a maximum $2,500 fine and six months in jail for anybody who uses a computer, smartphone or similar device to send a message to â€Å"terrify, intimidate, threaten, harass, annoy or offend.†(FoxNews) The bill is being met with criticism by opponents saying that it violates the 1st Amendment for Free speech and is worded in such a way that it leaves the bill open for interpretation and does not spell out what would be considered offensive. The idea is there, and it is time that this type of bullying is taken more  seriously. It is not kids being kids anymore or a rite of passage. Once these comments and photos reach the internet they are there to stay and have a more lasting affect than the â€Å"wait until next Monday and it will be forgotten† thought the parents grew up with.

Credible Nutrition Information Essay

It is four in the afternoon and your feeling that daily slow down after a long day. Some people turn to a chocolate bar, cup of coffee, healthy fruit but many are turning to Red Bull for the boost of energy. However, children these days are exposed to more advertisement each day, which as a result has them also drinking Red Bull. Little do they know that they could very well be harming themselves with every gulp. This paper will provide information on sources that have seen these problems and are now trying desperately to education the public Part A I personally would use Google to find background information on the topic. If I could not do so and I had no idea where to do, I would use an encyclopaedia to search related topics on my own without uses them as sources (i.e. Wikipedia). Furthermore, once I have established the direction in which I desire to go about writing the assignment, I would then look for credited or relevant websites, keeping in mind quality over quantity. The three websites I have chosen for this assignment are the following: 1) WebMd.com: This is a very useful websites when you need medical information on health concerns, injuries, diet and much more. The link with regards to this assignment is below: http://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/news/20080924/energy-drinks-hazardous-to-your-health 2) NineMSN.com: This is practically MSN and the Australian Media. I found this article with information provided by the Australian Drug Foundation’s Drug Info Clearinghouse who is sponsored by the Australian Drug Foundation. Furthermore providing a very interesting news report. The link with regards to this assignment is below: http://health.ninemsn.com.au/family/familyhealth/689831/energy-drinks 3) Seattletimes.nwsource.com: This 2010 Pulitzer Prize winning news paper station has reported direct information regarding this assignment. The link with regards to this assignment is below: http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/health/2004322357_zhea02energy.html 4) Redbull.com: What better source to use then the information provided by the company itself. Through I could not find any direct information on the actual effects of red bull on children, I did however find out the major ingredient which is a great starting point to relate back to. The link with regards to this assignment is below: http://www.redbull.com/cs/Satellite/en_INT/Products/Red-Bull-Energy-Drink-021242751115866 Part B In order to know if my information is accurate, I would check the sources that I am using. For my sources for example: 1) WebMD is a â€Å"content staff blends award-winning expertise in medicine, journalism, health communication and content creation to bring you the best health information possible.† Furthermore all articles and information is reviewed by an independent medical review board. Additionally I feel that do to the natural and background of this type of website, biasness would not be present. Doctors and medically people alike are all about the health and wellbeing of society and would not give the public false information unless the side effects of the product were not evident to themselves at that time. 2) NineMSN.com and Australian Drug Foundation are both extremely creditable entities. With MSN and the Australian media being extremely creditable as they provide a country with up to date information, on the country itself, the world, health and sports. Whereas the Australian Drug Foundation who is sponsored by the Australian Government would not provide inaccurate information that could affect the public and in this example someone across the world. Furthermore I do feel that the media could and have influenced our population on other topics, but when it comes to health but I feel they are right on this their report in this case. 3) The Seattle Times, a 2010 Pulitzer Prize Award winning for achievements in newspaper journalism, literature and musical composition in America. Thus demonstrating their reputation for correct literature. Furthermore I choice this topic because it was directly related to my topic. Furthermore with the prestige’s award of the Pulitzer Prize winner for being a top journalism and literature newspaper, I feel that with that reputation you would not print information that is false and easily discredited. Thus demonstrating how they would not be bias over this article. 4) Redbull.com is the website of the company Redbull who makes the energy drinks that are directly related to my topic. Additionally, do to Government laws and regulations they are required to provide accurate information on their products and also to provide nutritional ingredients and information panels which include calories etc. However I do believe that Redbull would in fact be bias towards their product. If Redbull was to leave all their dirty laundry out in the open over their product they would not have any business. This is why I could not find any information with regards to children drinking Redbull on their websites. They must be aware of some health implications and chooses not to display this on their advertising website. Part C In order to determine if the person providing the information is a credible source of nutritional information I would have to take into consideration what exactly they are writing. With regards to my paper, i believe I have extremely creditable material through the source I am receiving it. On the other hand, I do not necessarily have extremely creditable individuals in the medical field with regards to medical studies besides doing the same research as myself excluding WebMD as this websites as it is run by a board of doctors. Additionally, I would love to personally sit down and interview RedBull as I do not believe in their product and upon exploring the negative health implications I feel that they should not be able to market their product towards children as it is unsafe. As for my other 3 sources, I CREDIBLE NUTRITION INFORMATION: INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT would love to sit down and throw ideas off of everyone as to other ways we could inform the public. I would love to know of any personal projects that they are also conducting or involved with. After reviewing my information, I conduct that Red Bull is not acceptable for children, and to be honest, I don’t even know if Red Bull should be consumed period. With many much more healthier alternatives such as fruit, dark chocolate and protein shakes, society should impose a proper diet and they will not feel the effects of an afternoon snag in their energy levels. Reference List NineMSN Tuesday, (August 3rd, 2010). Energy drinks: are they safe?. Retrieved from http://health.ninemsn.com.au/family/familyhealth/689831/energy-drinks Nautural Medicines Comprehensive Database Consumer Version 2009. Caffeine. Retrieved from http://www.webmd.com/food-recipes/news/20080924/energy-drinks-hazardous-to-your-health Howard Cohen (April 2, 2008). Kids+ energy drinks= dangerous mix. Retrieved from http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/health/2004322357_zhea02energy.html Red Bull. Red Bull Energy Drink. Retrieved from http://www.redbull.com/cs/Satellite/en_INT/Products/Red-Bull-Energy-Drink-021242751115866

Vbscript Network Shares Lab

VBScript Network Shares Lab Objectives In this lab, students will complete the following objectives. * Create a VBScript Program using NotePad++. * Use WScript. Shell object and its methods. * Use Scripting. FileSystemObject and its methods. * Use LanmanServer,FileService objects and its methods. * Use WScript. Network object and its methods. Element K Network Connections For this lab, we will need to connect to vlab-PC1 and vlab-PC2. The computer vlab-PC1 is the computer on the left side while vlab-PC2 is on the right.If you leave the cursor on the PC icon for a few seconds, a tool-tip message will appear indicating the hostname of the PC. Open vlab-PC1 and login as Administrator with the password password. Return to the network and open vlab-PC2 and login as Administrator with the password password. Note: All captures must be text only—DO NOT capture the NotePad++ application window or the command prompt window. Use copy and paste of text only. Task 1: NetShareServer. vbs Pr ogram on vlab-PC1 * On vlab-PC1, open NotePad++ and from the File menu, select New. Create a Programmer Header that includes the name of your VBScript file, your name, the date, the class, and the name of your professor. Each of these VBScript comment lines begin with a (‘) character. * From the File menu, select Save. Save your program as NetShareServer. vbs in the C:Scripts folder as shown below. * Define the Scripting. FileSystemObject fso that provides control of local folders and files. The â€Å"WinNT://hostname/LanmanServer,FileService object fileServ allows us to create and manage network shares similar to the NET SHARE commands we discussed last week.Note: When you create the fileServ object, the hostname value vlab-PC1 must match the hostname of the computer acting as the server. If you don’t know your Windows hostname, open a Windows CLI and execute the hostname command. Task 2: Create a Folder and Copy Files to the New Folder * Use the fso. CreateFolder( ) to create the folder C:Public. The path and name of the folder to be created is place inside the parentheses and delimited with double quotes. * Use the fso. CopyFile method to copy all files in the C:WindowsCursors folder that start with the letter w to the C:Public folder.There are no parentheses used for this method. The syntax for this method is Note: The first argument is the file/s to be copied and second argument (after the ,) is the destination folder. * Skip several lines and enter the following statements. The WScript. Echo statement simply outputs a new line and announces the end of the program. * Save your program (S). Press the function key and enter: cscript NetShareServer. vbs. Click OK to execute your program. * Below is the run of the program. It should run without errors although it does not produce any output.Check to see if the program successfully created the C:Public directory and copied the files from the C:Windows directory by clicking in the NotePad++ consol e window and entering the command: dir C:Public as shown below. You could also open the Windows CLI and execute the same command to test your script. * Go to the command line or Windows Explorer to verify that C:Public folder has been created and populated with some files. If you have any problems with the RUN, delete the C:Public folder if it exists in Windows Explorer and re-run the script from the Windows CLI using cscript.Check your VBScript program for errors, make the needed changes, delete the C:Public folder if it exists, and run the program again. Task 3: Display Current Network Shares and Create New Share * Skip a line after the fso. CopyFile line and enter the following program lines. * WScript. Echo displays a message to the console windows or desktop. The For Each Next loop is used to display all of the current network shares on the local computer. From the Windows CLI, the NET SHARE command would display the same information. Note: The For Each Next loop is a special F or loop used to access the elements or components in an array.The fileServ object contains an array name( ) that contains all the current network shares fileServ. name(0) .. fileServ. name(n) where n is the last index in the array. * Within a VBScript program, you need to use the â€Å"LanmanServer,FileService† object to create a new network share. Enter the following lines to share the â€Å"C:Public† folder with the share name PublicData. Note where the share name and folder path go in the following commands. MaxUserCount sets the maximum simultaneous connections allowed for this share. After we have created the new share, we want see if the new PublicData share has been added.Type the following code to view the current shares again. The WScript. Echo vbCrLf command displays a blank line. * Save your program (S). Press the function key and enter: cscript NetShareServer. vbs. Click OK to execute your program. You should get an error message as shown below because the folder you are trying to create now already exists. * * Add a new line just above the fso. CreateFolder( ) line with this statement: On Error Resume Next. This statement will ignore noncritical errors and allow the program to continue. * * Save your program (S) and press the function key and enter: cscript NetShareServer. vbs. Click OK to execute your program. You should get a run in the console windows similar to the one below. Verify that the new network share â€Å"PublicData† has been created. Note: If you have errors and need to re-run the program at this point in the development, you may see the PublicData share in both the Current and New Shares because the share may still be valid from your earlier run. Task 4: Add Time Delay, Delete PublicData Share, and Delete C:Public Just above the End of Program message, add the following code. The WScript. Sleep(60000) will pause the script for 60 seconds (or 60,000 milliseconds). The fileServ. Delete and fso. DeleteFolder metho ds will delete the Network Share and delete the C:Public folder and the files it contains. * Save your program (S) and press the function key and enter: cscript NetShareServer. vbs. Click OK to execute your program. You should get a run in the NotePad++ console window similar to the one shown on the next page. Wait until you see the End of Program after the 60-second delay.Copy and paste your NetworkShareServer program sourcecode from NotePad++ and your Run from the NotePad++ Console or the Windows CLI RUN into the spaces provided in your lab-report document. | Task 5: NetShareClient. vbs Program on vlab-PC2 * Leave vlab-PC1 open and return to the Network diagram and select vlab-PC2. If it isn’t labeled, it will be the computer on the right. * Once the vlab-PC2 computer opens, log in as Administrator with a password of password. Cascade the two computer windows, so you can go easier from one computer to the other as shown below. Open NotePad++ on vlab_PC2 and create a Program mer Header that includes the name of your VBScript file, your name, the date, the class, and the name of your professor. Each of these VBScript comment lines begin with a (‘) character. Save your program as NetShareClient. vbs. Task 6: Map the Shared Folder to X: and Display Files * You will need to create Scripting, FileSystemObject called fso to display the files in the mapped drive. The WScript. Network object networkObj actually does the mapping and unmapping of the network share to drive X:. The UNC notation network share we want to access is vlab-PC1PublicData. Keep in mind that the network share PublicData can be anywhere on the network and is not typically a local share. The networkObj. MapNetworkDrive method is used to map the network share on vlab-PC1 to X: drive on vlab-PC2. The Set folder = fso. GetFolder(â€Å"X:†) creates a folder object for the mapped X: drive. * The line Set files = folder. Files creates files collection object that contains all of the f iles in the X: folder. The For Each loop sequences through the items in the files collection object and displays those files.Type in the code shown on the next page. * Save your program (S) and complete the remaining VBScript code that will display the contents of the mapped drive X:, unmap the mapped drive X: and end the program with the message: End of Program. * Check your NetShareClient. vbs program for errors and save it using S. Task 7: Final Run of NetShareServer and NetShareClient * Return to vlab-PC1 and start the NetShareServer. vbs program running with . As soon as the vlab-PC1 NetShareServer. vbs program is running, quickly return to vlab-PC2 and start the NetShareClient. vbs program with .Remember, you only have 60 seconds after you have started the NetShareServer program to successfully run the NetShareClient program. * If you do not get the output shown above, for the NetShareClient. vbs program. Correct any errors and re-save your program. Run the NetShareServer prog ram again on vlab-PC1 and run the corrected NetShareClient program on vlab-PC2. Copy and paste your NetShareClient program sourcecode from NotePad++ and your NotePad++ console run (or Windows CLI run) into the spaces provided in your lab-report document. Submit your completed lab-report document to the iLab Dropbox for this week. |

Why Black and Minority Ethnics seem not to accept mainstream Essay

Why Black and Minority Ethnics seem not to accept mainstream opportunities like The Princes Trust 12 week development Programme - Essay Example llege students in the UK is the Princes Trust 12 week programme which â€Å"features confidence building, team events, challenges, outdoor activities and fundraising events† (The Birmingham Post, 2006). The program intends to give students from minority communities a chance to gain practical skills that would make a real difference to their community. But in spite of this promise, the statistics pertaining to student enrolment into this programme paints a disappointing picture. The rest of this essay will delve deeper into the underlying causes for this situation. Firstly, despite several flaws inherent in the 12-Week personal development programme, it has had its share of success as well. For instance, a team of young students participating in a Princes Trust 12-week programme run at Bournville College â€Å"chose to revamp the neglected memorial garden at Witton Cemetery. The memorial garden was created after the Second World War as a tribute to civilians who had lost their lives and was in desperate need of a facelift. Countless visitors have come to pay their respects since the gardens restitution, with its upkeep actively undertaken by many local residents.† (The Birmingham Post, 2006) Talking on the occasion of the team’s success, Steve Perkins of the Prince’s Trust noted that â€Å"this team is a great example of how a diverse group of people can learn to look at things in an entirely new way. The enthusiasm and commitment they put into this project after initially showing signs of apathy, has been exceptional." (Coventry Evening Telegraph, 2008) The story of one particular team member, Danny McErlean, who comes from an ethnic minority background, is quite exceptional. Having left school in his early teens and later running away from his home, Danny found refuge in youth hostels for a while. Throughout these years he was also involved in petty offences and drug abuse. It was in this troubled condition that the 12-Week programme offer came his way.

Hum M3 meka Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hum M3 meka - Essay Example Besides the internal factors, there exist external influences such as culture, peer groups, career interest and living standards that contribute to the emotional status of an individual (Burns 11). Cognitive concept assesses the significance of thoughts and beliefs in shaping the behavior and values of an individual. Values are the ethical codes that define rational articulation of one’s ideas or deeds. Values aids in understanding why and how people behave as they do in specific situations. The integration of expectations, goals, values, and links to cognitive and behavioral competencies are crucial in assessing the emotional differences between man and animals. Social reputation and identity is comprised of previous actions, perceived responses from people and expected future behaviors. Norms and customs are internalized into habits, preferences, and expectations that are generalized across common situations in a human being’s life. From the assessment results, it is clear that an individual uses his or her cognitive component to assess various situations. This helps in developing solutions and responses to queries based on one’s reasoning. Emotional asp ect also takes a critical role in influencing the responses and self esteem (Branden

The death penalty, when preceded by long confinement and administered Essay

The death penalty, when preceded by long confinement and administered bureaucratically, dehumanises both the agents and recipients of this punishment and amounts to a form of torture - Essay Example Debates on retention or abolition of the capital punishment have predominantly existed for years causing some countries to consider prolonged delays that precede execution, mostly allowing the condemned person reasonable time to appeal3. Such prisoners are condemned to dehumanizing conditions in â€Å"death row† units that have been criticized for transforming humans to caged animals. Penologists and criminologists have been actively engaged in extensive researches to find the answers to perennially baffling issues on prolonged delays that today precede execution4. The question of whether the prolonged delays can serve a just cause and whether they should be retained has in itself been a subject of debate among human rights lawyers, legal scholars, jurists, judges and social theorists the world over5. Whether the delays aptly serve the real purposes of punishment, whether eliminating the delays can promote the rights of the prisoners or violate them, and what message the brutal existence can send to the society are issues that this paper attempts to address6. In all, the dehumanizing conditions serve to portray the prisoners are being secluded from the society. Even as human rights activists have held that they should be reformed and corrected to make them sober citizens, studies7 have showed that such prisoners who undergo brutal conditions are made to be worse8. Such situations view the pre-arranged and proportional punishment as in conformity with Bentham’s theory of penal objectives which suggest that the pain of the offender should be higher than the pleasures he enjoys following the commission of the crime9. However, the element of â€Å"higher† must be proportional and uniform10. Even as legal and moral philosophers and scholars have examined the various objectives or justifications for death penalty, social scientists have focused more on explaining the effects of the

Focus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Focus - Essay Example As a result, there was mass migration as they sought settlement to countries that they could live, achieve and participate as equal citizens. America offered such opportunities welcoming all immigrants owing to its developing industrial capabilities. There was a surge of Jewish immigrants from in mid-nineteenth century following a new era of violence and anti-Jewish sentiments in most regions of Europe. The interactions between Americans and immigrants was characterised by inclusion and assimilation where the immigrants adopted a new culture in order to fit into the new country (Klinger n.d).This was guaranteed by the American legal system, which acknowledged that all men were created equal and as such, they deserved equal opportunities in America. This is as opposed to the European version that described Jews by appearance, cultural, social and religious positions. Moreover, legal impositions in Europe by the majority Christian population were vastly strict against the Jews. However , the tranquillity that existed ceased in its roots as a court case legally established that the separation and discrimination were synonymous. This established ground for open discrimination against fellow Americans based on the colour of their skin as opposed to what they can do. In other words, the court assertion made discrimination legal thus legalising bigotry. This marks the beginning of racism and discrimination against Jew living in America (Foner, 2012). Arthur Miller’s novel is set in New York as the Second World War ends to be a direct confrontation to American anti-Semitism. The book focuses on Lawrence Newman, an American of English descent, and the personnel manager in large company who quits his job citing mistreatment. This owes to his resemblance to Jews after acquiring glasses, a sentiment shared by his mother. He shares prejudices of his neighbours who seem determined to confront a Jewish candy storeowner until he is on the receiving end of similar prejudi ces. Miller highlights discriminatory acts against Jews living in America in his time, which involves hiring procedures, residential places, political participation among others. Jews were denied employment opportunities in most establishments and applicants had to under vigorously screening to edge out Jewish candidates. The tactics used in denying such opportunities include exclusion, tokenism and quota system especially private industries with executive and management levels (Glock, 1979).As such, the Jews had difficulty in obtaining or maintaining positions in places of employment. This is echoed in Focus as Miller, describes how Newman has difficulty in landing a new job following his resemblance to Jews. Ironically, when he gets one, he is employed in a Jewish establishment that seems to embrace all. Similarly, the public generated negative sentiments towards the presence of Jewish residents within their neighbourhood. As such, extreme groups such as the Christian Front sought to engage violently their Jewish neighbours in a bid to scare them off the neighbourhood. The negative attitude towards Jews left no room for tolerance, which saw residents attached for their religious beliefs. This is no different in Miller’s book when alliances are forged against Jews ‘elements’ in the Focus neighbourhood. Jews were also not admitted in social clubs such as country clubs among other public places on a regular basis. This can be attributed to the social status of the members who were accorded respect depending on the company